Sara would like to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Her best choice for a microscope
would be a _____. (4.1) [Hint]
light microscope, because of its resolving power
transmission electron microscope, because of its magnifying power
scanning electron microscope, because the specimen is alive
transmission electron microscope, because of its great resolving power
light microscope, because the specimen is alive
2 .
A magnified picture of the detailed architecture of cell surfaces can best be obtained from a _____. (4.1) [Hint]
scanning electron microscope
transmission electron microscope
light microscope
magnifying glass
none of the above
3 .
The term "resolving power" refers to which of the following? (4.1) [Hint]
the apparent increase in the size of an object
the source of the illumination
the depth of focus
the clarity of the image in showing two objects as separate
the type of cell being observed
4 .
A normal size range for a typical eukaryotic cell is _____. (4.2) [Hint]
0.1 nanometers
10 nanometers
100 nanometers
1–10 micrometers
10–100 micrometers
5 .
The maximum size of a cell is limited by _____. (4.2) [Hint]
its need for enough surface area to make exchanges with its environment
the number of organelles that can be packed inside
the materials needed to build it
the amount of flexibility it needs to be able to move
the amount of food it needs to survive
6 .
What do limits on maximum cell size depend on? (4.2) [Hint]
the number of organelles
surface-to-volume ratio
number of surrounding cells
amount of DNA in the nucleus
thickness of the cell membrane
7 .
To enter or leave a cell, substances must pass through _____. (4.3) [Hint]
a microtubule
the Golgi apparatus
a ribosome
the nucleus
the plasma membrane
8 .
Which of the following structures are NOT found in prokaryotic cells? (4.3) [Hint]
flagella
cell membranes
mitochondria
ribosomes
RNA
9 .
Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a typical eukaryotic cell they _____. (4.4) [Hint]
lack a nucleus
have a smaller nucleus
lack a plasma membrane
have fewer internal membranous compartments
have a greater variety of organelles
10 .
A certain cell has mitochondria, ribosomes, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and other parts. Based on this information,
it could NOT be _____. (4.4) [Hint]
a cell from a pine tree
a grasshopper cell
a yeast (fungus) cell
a bacterium
actually, it could be any of the above
11 .
Which of the following are found in prokaryotic cells? (4.4) [Hint]
Golgi apparatuses
mitochondria
nucleoli
proteins
all of the above
12 .
Which of the following would NOT be found in a cell's cytoplasm? (4.5) [Hint]
a ribosome
the nucleus
a mitochondrion
a microtubule
fluid in which most organelles are found
13 .
What is the function of the nucleolus? (4.5) [Hint]
to contain the hereditary blueprint of the cell
to modify substances made on the endoplasmic reticulum
to organize the spindle fibers for cell division
to manufacture ribosomes
none of the above
14 .
Most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell is in _____. (4.5) [Hint]
the cytoskeleton
the mitochondria
the endomembrane system
the cytoplasm
the nucleus
15 .
A plant cell was grown in a test tube containing radioactive nucleotides, the parts from which DNA is built. Later examination
of the cell showed the radioactivity to be concentrated in the _____. (4.5) [Hint]
rough endoplasmic reticulum
peroxisome
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
central vacuole
nucleus
16 .
Three or four of the following cellular organelles possess membranes. Which one, if any, does NOT possess membranes? If
all the listed organelles possess differentially permeable membranes, choose answer (5). (4.6) [Hint]
nucleus
chloroplasts
mitochondria
lysosomes
all of the above
17 .
Which of these is NOT a function of the endomembrane system? (4.6) [Hint]
division of the cell into compartments
synthesis of molecules
control center of the cell
export of molecules
storage of molecules
18 .
In muscle cells the ____ is/are specialized for the storage and release of calcium. (4.7) [Hint]
mitochondria
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
the Golgi apparatus
contractile vacuoles
rough endoplasmic reticulum
19 .
Of the following organelles, which group is involved in manufacturing the substances needed by the cell? (4.8) [Hint]
Which one of the following organelles would be especially abundant in the pancreatic cells that produce digestive enzymes?
(4.8) [Hint]
rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes
microfilaments
mitochondria
21 .
The rough endoplasmic reticulum can be considered to be in which general category of organelle? (4.8) [Hint]
breakdown
energy-processing
manufacturing
support between cells
communication between cells
22 .
Membrane proteins are synthesized by ribosomes that are attached to _____. (4.8) [Hint]
the Golgi apparatus
mitochondria
the nucleolus
the endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes
23 .
When isolated liver cells are combined with toxins, initial processing in the ______________ increases the solubility of
those compounds as an initial step in their excretion. (4.9) [Hint]
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
rough endoplasmic reticulum
lysosome
24 .
You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____. (4.9) [Hint]
make a lot of ATP
secrete a lot of material
move actively
perform photosynthesis
store large quantities of food
25 .
A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and eventually used
to build a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the
ER. The protein was probably altered in the _____. (4.9) [Hint]
Golgi apparatus
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondrion
nucleus
chloroplast
26 .
Lysosomes are derived from _____________ and function in _____________. (4.10) [Hint]
mitochondria ... anaerobic respiration
the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum ... digestion of worn-out organelles
animal cells and bacterial cells but not in plant cells
30 .
Which cellular organelle is required for photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells? (4.14) [Hint]
chloroplast
nucleus
lysosome
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
31 .
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in that they both _____________; they are different in that chloroplasts, but
not mitochondria, _____________. (4.15) [Hint]
have a double membrane ... carry out photosynthesis
have many internal membranes that increase their internal surface area ... are found in plants
have an internal 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules ... also have centrioles
deal with energy transformations ... are found only in eukaryotes
have a double membrane ... contain DNA
32 .
What are the inner folds of the mitochondria called? (4.15) [Hint]
cristae
matrix
stroma
grana
tubules
33 .
The purpose of cellular respiration is the production of which of the following? (4.15) [Hint]
ATP
oxygen
carbon dioxide
glucose
all of the above
34 .
Mitochondria appear in the greatest numbers in cells that are _____. (4.15) [Hint]
reproducing
metabolically active
dead
metabolically inactive
undergoing cell division
35 .
The internal skeleton of a cell is composed of _____. (4.16) [Hint]
microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments
cellulose and intermediate filaments
cellulose, microtubules, and centrioles
microfilaments
microfilaments and cellulose
36 .
When elongated, tube-shaped cells from the lining of the intestine are treated with a certain chemical, the cells sag and
become round blobs. The internal structures disrupted by this chemical are probably _____. (4.16) [Hint]
cell junctions
microtubules
rough endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
dynein arms
37 .
Where would you expect to find contractile proteins in a cell? (4.16) [Hint]
lysosomes
cytoskeleton
nucleus
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
chloroplasts
38 .
The protein actin is a component of a(n) _____. (4.16) [Hint]
intermediate filament
microtubule
tubulin
microfilament
organelle
39 .
Cilia and flagella move due to energy provided by the enzymatic breakdown of ATP by which of the following? (4.17) [Hint]
actin
pseudopodia
basal bodies
myosin
dynein arms
40 .
Basal bodies are most closely associated with which one of the following cell components? (4.17) [Hint]
bacterial flagella
centrioles
cilia
the central vacuole
mitochondria
41 .
Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through a _____. (4.18) [Hint]
tight junction
microtubule
anchoring junction
plasmodesma
gap junction
42 .
The cell junctions in plant cells that provide channels between adjacent cells are generally _____. (4.18) [Hint]
anchoring junctions
gap junctions
plasmodesmata
tight junctions
synapses
43 .
Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why? (4.18)
[Hint]
The intestinal cells are fused together into one giant cell.
The intestinal cells are bound together by plasmodesmata.
The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.
The intestinal cells are bound together by gap junctions.
The intestinal cells are bound together by anchoring junctions.
44 .
Which one of the following structures is directly involved in the passage of electrical signals between cells as, for example,
in the vertebrate heart? (4.18) [Hint]
gap junctions
chemical synapses
anchoring junctions
tight junctions
neuromuscular junctions
45 .
The general function of _____ is the breakdown of substances. (4.19) [Hint]
